Active calories from ride recorded via Garmin Edge 8040 are not uploading to Garmin Connect

As far as I see, the results are not impossible - the first activity (15112784122) generated 412 Active Calories, but since you were using the PWD in the same time, the Calories came from it. And since the HR on the all-day graph seems to be relatively low, and since you probably did not log the Calories state before and after the activity, it is hard to tell how many Active Calories it generated.

The second activity (15121199798 at 17:08) seems to be the same case. Despite that you wrote that the watch was not on, I see the HR on the all-day graph at that time, hence the HR sensor of the watch was used. The activity generated 96 Active Calories, but again we do not know how many the PWD generated at that time.

Then there is the 3rd activity (15121660115 at 17:32), where indeed the WHR of the PWD was not used, and the 98 Active Calories from Edge should have been used directly on the daily overview. 

This is all I can see from the data you posted. You would have to always make a screenshot of the all-day Calories screen before and after every activity, in order to allow for a more accurate analysis.

To be honest. I don't understand. As I said it never used to happen - so something has changed with Garmin, not me. I checked the Garmin active  calories before and after each activity before each test today and for each test ride garmin connect added nowhere near enough active calories to account for the activity. So it's not working whether I do, or whether I don't wear the watch.

To be honest wearing the PWD has changed from the Garmin end. It didn't use to cause a problem. I could ride happily without thinking about it and everything worked perfectly.

So I don't think this is a satisfactory conclusion.

But thanks for trying.