I last used my watch with GPS 20 km away, but when I go to the map, it shows my actual position (with a question mark because it has no GPS). Does the watch obtain a location from the phone?
I last used my watch with GPS 20 km away, but when I go to the map, it shows my actual position (with a question mark because it has no GPS). Does the watch obtain a location from the phone?
Yes, I think it does.
aGPS data has been a help for quicker fix a long time and the sync of the modern wearables with the app allows to transfer aGPS data and also the the current postion as a starting point to speed up GPS fix.
This (plus the transfer of weather/temperature data of your location) is the reason, why it is always good to sync the watch, just before putting on your running shoes and go out of the door 
I do that and usually have an initial fix within 10 seconds.