See above
See above
I doubt that we're going to suggest anything that support did not already explore with you. However, we'd need more info in order to make any intelligent suggestions.
First off, do you mean that messages you send to a phone number do not appear on the phone? If so, the first question is whether or not the message appears in the Inbox on your account at explore.garmin.com.
If it's in the Inbox, the problem is either on the Garmin servers, with the SMS gateway for the recipient's home location, or with the recipient's cell service provider. The conventional wisdom here is to DISABLE the inclusion of the "link to an online map". This setting is in the lower right corner of the Account tab for your account at explore.garmin.com. The rationale here is that this is a shortened link - and some cell providers block such messages because they consider them spam.
If that does not fix it, Garmin support may be able to tell you if there are issues with the gateway. This would be particularly likely if the target cell number is outside the continental US, but can occur in the US as well.
If the message does not appear in the Inbox, the problem is either with the unit itself or with the Iridium network. You should check to see if message ever made it off the device (according the details for the message as shown south of the Message screen). Is it possible that you never got a clear sky view after "sending" the message? Do other things, such as sent track points, work when sent from the device? Looking for hardware issue here.
NOTE: There was an outage which resulted in the delay of SMS messages. The report says it started at 4:30PM EDT on July 7 and lasted for about an hour. It may have started earlier - the timestamp is when Garmin noticed it. Depending on the timing, your messages may have been caught in this incident:
https://status.inreach.garmin.com/incidents/n8w222wr4mxh
If you instead mean that REPLIES to your SMS messages did not reach the device: The recipient should reply via the normal SMS reply mechanism on the phone. The ability to reply in this manner has a time limit. Nobody knows exactly what the limit is, but it's on the order of a couple of weeks. Point is that if the message to which the recipient replies is more than a few weeks old, the reply will not be delivered. There is no visible symptom on the phone. The reply was sent to the gateway, the gateway sent it on to the Garmin servers, and the servers dropped it because the info necessary to forward it to the proper iR device is gone.
Again, you can look at the Inbox on your account to see if the reply made it that far. If so, you should do an active mail check on the device to see if the message is retrieved. If it's not in the Inbox, or if the a mail check does not retrieve it, you are back to Garmin support.
The "incident" involving delay of SMS and email messages appears to be repeated. It was just "resolved" (again) after 9 hours. Shows as having been a problem on each of the last 3 days.
Be sure to check the current status if you encounter delays or undelivered messages.