I live outside the US and wonder if there is any way to teach Garmin not to display "US" for road numbers when navigating. For example, instead of continue riding on US101 display just the road number itself 101 or R101.
I don't see these US prefixes, I see the correct numbers, both AU and Europe. They would come from the map anyway which is derived from OpenStreetMap ( https://www.openstreetmap.org ), check out the location on OSM and see what the number is there. OSM is created by a community, anyone can register and edit the maps, it is possible the creator of the map elements gave a wrong number. Can you do a screen shot or share the location, is it only in the 1040 Guide Text at the top of the map or in the map itself?
You have reached the limit of my suggestions, you will have to get more from a local or Garmin support Japan? I can only think it is an error in the translation files, the kanji for road/highway has been translated to "US" but in only some situations.
Can you be specific about the road it's mislabeling?
I'm going to guess that if the name of the road is "101" it's adding the "US" by default.
There's no option to disable it.
It is likely that the map could add a prefix that would prevent the device from adding "US".